Trees are perennial plants with long, woody trunks. Trees of temperate latitudes are often grouped into two main categories: deciduous trees that lose and regrow their leaves each year, and coniferous trees that stay green year-round! Let’s take a closer look at deciduous vs coniferous trees…
Deciduous Trees
Here are a few properties of deciduous trees. A tree is deciduous tree if it:
- Has broad, flat leaves
- Does photosynthesis during the warm growing season only
- Leaves change color at the end of the growing season
- Loses its leaves and regrows its leaves once a year
Examples of Deciduous Trees
- Ash
- Birch
- Maple
- Oak
- Willow
Coniferous Trees
Here are a few characteristics of coniferous trees. A tree is coniferous if it:
- Has needles
- Does photosynthesis year-round, but may slow down in winter
- Needles stay green year-round (“evergreen”)
- Needles stay on branches year-round
- Has cones
Examples of Conifers
- Cedar
- Fir
- Juniper
- Pine
- Spruce
Other Evergreens
It’s worth noting that conifers are not the only trees that stay green year-round. You will find many evergreen trees growing at tropical latitudes around the equator. This is because close to the equator, there is little to no temperature difference between summer and winter. Consequently, you will find many unique types of trees growing in the tropics have no need to shed leaves in wintertime. One example is a palm tree.
Learning Activity Idea:
Play “Deciduous or Coniferous?” Collect samples of parts from several different deciduous and coniferous trees (leaves, needles, seedpods, flowers, fruits, cones, etc.). Grab two jars and label one “deciduous” and one “coniferous”. Ask your child to sort the parts into the jars.
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